CTET ENGLISH METHODOLOGY
Syllabus 👆
Notes 👉CHAPTER:-1👇
Learning and Acquisition
Language can be acquired in two ways
1. Language Acquisition
2. Language learning
Acquisition
When we learn something without a systematic and conscious process. We
learn mother tongue during the childhood period without knowing grammar,
rules and regulations it is learned through acquisition. So acquisition is also
called natural and subconscious process.
Main points
➢The acquisition is a natural process.
➢It is an unconscious process.
➢It refers to the first language (Native language) acquisition rather than a
second language
➢Through the acquisition process learners acquire knowledge automatically.
➢Does not use grammatical rules .
➢focus on practical knowledge.
➢Informal situation.
➢Main requirement is a communication environment
Learning
Language learning is a process in which learner learnt the rules
of grammar and vocabulary. With this process we learn Second language.
Teacher's capability and experience also impact a person's learning
experience.
Main points➢Learning is a systematic process.
➢It is a gradual process.
➢It is a conscious process.
➢Everyone has a different rate of learning.
➢Teacher's knowledge and experience also impact the learning process.
➢Learning modifies the existing knowledge, experience and behaviors.
➢Motivatior decides learners' speed and intensity of learning.
➢Use of Grammatical rules and vocabulary.
➢formal situation
Types of learning
1. Motor learning: Body movement: Walking, driving, climbing, etc.
2. Verbal learning: Communication methods: Speaking, signs, picture
symbol, etc.
3. Conceptual learning: Mental process: Thinking, reasoning, intelligence,
etc.
Theory of learning and acquisition:
Concept of Jean Piaget
➢Piaget was a Swiss biologist, philosopher and psychologist.
➢He is also known as the father of child psychology.
➢According to Piaget child start learning with adaptation. One can achieve
through assimilation and accommodation
➢According to him Childs collect small chunks/unit of knowledge and makes
a bigger concept.
➢Childs creates his own world of knowledge by their chunks.
Concept of Chomsky: (Noam Chomsky)
➢He was an American linguist, philosopher, cognitive scientist, historian and
social critic.
➢According to him children are born with inherited ability to learn human
language.
➢He stated that every person possesses LAD (Language acquisition device
) in their brain.
➢Children only learn vocabulary and LAD applies the rules of language to
make sentences no need to learn grammar and structure children born
with an understanding of rule language.
➢He pointed out that children could not learn language through imitation
alone.
Vygotsky's Concept
➢He is known as the foundation of cognitive theory later become famous
with the social development theory
➢MKO (More knowledgeable other) According to him someone has a better
understanding or higher ability level than the learners.
➢MKO defines a person who can't perfect in every size.
➢ZDP (Zone of Proximal Development) is an important concept that relates
to the difference between what a child can achieve independently and
what a child can achieve with guidance and encouragement from a skilled
partner.
➢He believes that language developed form social interaction.
➢According to him language plays a critical role in cognitive development.
➢Scaffolding: Those elements (MKO, ZPD) of the task that are initially
beyond the learner's capacity. Temporary support in learning by adults.
➢He emphasized in Peer learning and Collaborative learning.
Concept of BF Skinner
➢He is the propounded of Conditioning and operant Conditioning theory.
➢Skinner argued that Children learn language based on the behaviorist
reinforcement principle by associating words with meaning.
➢He believes that the best way to understand behavior is to look at the
causes of action and its consequences.
Language can be acquired in two ways
1. Language Acquisition
2. Language learning
Acquisition
When we learn something without a systematic and conscious process. We
learn mother tongue during the childhood period without knowing grammar,
rules and regulations it is learned through acquisition. So acquisition is also
called natural and subconscious process.
Main points
➢The acquisition is a natural process.
➢It is an unconscious process.
➢It refers to the first language (Native language) acquisition rather than a
second language
➢Through the acquisition process learners acquire knowledge automatically.
➢Does not use grammatical rules .
➢focus on practical knowledge.
➢Informal situation.
➢Main requirement is a communication environment
Learning
Language learning is a process in which learner learnt the rules
of grammar and vocabulary. With this process we learn Second language.
Teacher's capability and experience also impact a person's learning
experience.
Main points➢Learning is a systematic process.
➢It is a gradual process.
➢It is a conscious process.
➢Everyone has a different rate of learning.
➢Teacher's knowledge and experience also impact the learning process.
➢Learning modifies the existing knowledge, experience and behaviors.
➢Motivatior decides learners' speed and intensity of learning.
➢Use of Grammatical rules and vocabulary.
➢formal situation
Types of learning
1. Motor learning: Body movement: Walking, driving, climbing, etc.
2. Verbal learning: Communication methods: Speaking, signs, picture
symbol, etc.
3. Conceptual learning: Mental process: Thinking, reasoning, intelligence,
etc.
Theory of learning and acquisition:
Concept of Jean Piaget
➢Piaget was a Swiss biologist, philosopher and psychologist.
➢He is also known as the father of child psychology.
➢According to Piaget child start learning with adaptation. One can achieve
through assimilation and accommodation
➢According to him Childs collect small chunks/unit of knowledge and makes
a bigger concept.
➢Childs creates his own world of knowledge by their chunks.
Concept of Chomsky: (Noam Chomsky)
➢He was an American linguist, philosopher, cognitive scientist, historian and
social critic.
➢According to him children are born with inherited ability to learn human
language.
➢He stated that every person possesses LAD (Language acquisition device
) in their brain.
➢Children only learn vocabulary and LAD applies the rules of language to
make sentences no need to learn grammar and structure children born
with an understanding of rule language.
➢He pointed out that children could not learn language through imitation
alone.
Vygotsky's Concept
➢He is known as the foundation of cognitive theory later become famous
with the social development theory
➢MKO (More knowledgeable other) According to him someone has a better
understanding or higher ability level than the learners.
➢MKO defines a person who can't perfect in every size.
➢ZDP (Zone of Proximal Development) is an important concept that relates
to the difference between what a child can achieve independently and
what a child can achieve with guidance and encouragement from a skilled
partner.
➢He believes that language developed form social interaction.
➢According to him language plays a critical role in cognitive development.
➢Scaffolding: Those elements (MKO, ZPD) of the task that are initially
beyond the learner's capacity. Temporary support in learning by adults.
➢He emphasized in Peer learning and Collaborative learning.
Concept of BF Skinner
➢He is the propounded of Conditioning and operant Conditioning theory.
➢Skinner argued that Children learn language based on the behaviorist
reinforcement principle by associating words with meaning.
➢He believes that the best way to understand behavior is to look at the
causes of action and its consequences.
🔴🔴IF YOU WANT EXPLANATION YOU CAN GET From HERE 👉https://youtu.be/_RvLErkfRHU?si=msvQArDzCcFxu1rT
🔴🔴
🔴🔴
Let's learn holistically
ReplyDelete